One of the main uses of graphite is the production of refractory materials, including refractory bricks, crucibles, continuous casting powders, cast cores, molds, detergents and high temperature resistant materials. In recent years, two important changes in the refractory industry are the widespread use of magnesia carbon bricks in the lining of steelmaking furnaces and the use of aluminum carbon bricks in continuous casting. So that graphite refractories and steel industry are closely linked to the world's steel industry about the consumption of refractories.

1 Introduction

As the graphite has many excellent performance, and thus in the metallurgical, mechanical, electrical, chemical, textile, defense and other industrial sectors are widely used. Can be used as refractory material. Graphite products maintain the original chemical properties of flake graphite also has a strong self-lubricating properties. The strength of the graphite powder is high strength and acid resistance, corrosion resistance and high temperature of 3000 ℃ and low temperature -204 ℃, while its compressive strength is greater than 800kg / Cm2, and antioxidant, in the air at 450 ℃ weight loss of 1% Is 15-50% (density 1.1-1.5). Therefore, graphite products have been widely used in metallurgy, chemical, petrochemical, high-energy physics, aerospace, electronics and so on.

2 efficacy and advantages

First, graphite products have a good adsorption.

Carbon void structure has a very good adsorption of charcoal, so often used as a carbon adsorption material for the adsorption of water, odor, toxic substances. We have done experiments, a few days ago barbecue used graphite baking pan looks very clean, but put on the induction cooker heating, will see the last barbecue when the adsorption of fat and harmful substances will slowly exudate, but do not worry, Wipe clean with a clean meal and use it.

Second, graphite products have a good thermal conductivity, heat transfer fast, heat evenly, saving fuel.

Made of graphite baking pan, pot and other heating fast, and the burning of food heat evenly cooked from the inside out, heating time is short, not only pure taste, but also to lock the food of the original nutrients. We have done experiments, barbecue with graphite baking bar, the beginning of the induction cooker hit the fire, only 20-30 seconds will be able to warm up, start baking food as long as you can hit a small fire, the use of energy conservation.

Third, graphite products with chemical stability and erosion resistance.

Graphite has good chemical stability at room temperature, without any strong acid, alkali and organic solvent erosion. Therefore, the graphite products even if the long-term use of wear and tear is very small, as long as wipe clean as new.

Fourth, graphite products with a strong role in anti-oxidation and reduction.

Products, especially graphite mattresses can produce negative oxygen ions, so that the surrounding items of activity, to maintain human health, effective prevention of aging, the skin is full of luster and elasticity.

5, graphite products, environmental health, no radioactive pollution, high temperature.

Carbon in the 2000-3300 degrees high temperature environment after at least a dozen day and night of the graphitization process to become graphite, so the graphite of toxic and hazardous substances has long been exhausted, at least 2000 degrees is stable.

3 main purpose

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Graphite products can be heated after the release of far infrared.

Magnesium carbon brick refractory material is the mid-era, developed by the United States, the Japanese steel industry began to use magnesium carbon brick for water-cooled arc furnace refining. At present in the world of magnesium carbon brick has been widely used in steel, and has become a traditional use of graphite. At the beginning of the year, the magnesium carbon brick began to be used for the lining of the oxygen top blown converter.

Aluminum carbon brick aluminum carbon refractories are mainly used for continuous casting, flat billet from the pipeline of the castle, underwater nozzle and oil well blasting tube. In Japan, the production of continuous casting of steel accounted for more than the total production.

Crucibles and related products made of graphite and the manufacture of refractory crucibles and their related products, such as crucibles, crimp bottles, plugs and nozzles, etc., with high fire resistance, low thermal expansion, smelting metal process, by metal infiltration and Erosion and stability at high temperatures, good thermal shock stability and excellent conductivity, so the graphite crucible and its related products are widely used in direct molten metal process. The traditional graphite clay crucible is made of flake graphite with a carbon content greater than that of the graphite, usually the graphite scale should be larger than the mesh (sieve), and the current foreign crucible production technology in the important improvement is the type of graphite used, scale size and quality Greater flexibility is followed by the use of silicon carbide graphite crucible instead of the traditional clay graphite crucible, which is with the steel industry in the introduction of constant pressure technology. The use of constant pressure technology can also be used in small scale graphite, in the clay graphite crucible, and in the silicon carbide graphite crucible, the content of large scales only accounted for graphite carbon content reduced.

Far infrared can enhance the body function, so that the body is full of vitality and vitality, and effective prevention of various diseases. Such as: so that the activation of water molecules to improve the body oxygen content, people mind flexible, spirits; enhance metabolism, adjust the body fluid. Effective prevention of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, obesity, gout and other diseases caused by metabolic disorders; improve blood circulation, especially the microcirculation system. Can effectively prevent the microcirculation system disorders caused by high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, cancer, arthritis, limbs, cold paralysis and other diseases; whitening beauty, anti-inflammatory, swelling function; improve the immune function, regulate blood acid-base balance, Tobacco and alcohol, strengthen liver function and other effects.

Steelmaking

Graphite and other impurity materials can be used as carbonizers in the steelmaking industry. Carburizing uses a wide range of carbonaceous materials, including artificial graphite, petroleum coke, metallurgical coke and natural graphite. In the world of steel-making carbon-based graphite is still one of the main uses of earth-like graphite.

Conductive material

Graphite in the electrical industry is widely used as electrodes, brushes, carbon rods, carbon tubes, mercury rectifier cathode, graphite gaskets, telephone parts, TV picture tube coating and so on. Among them, graphite electrode is the most widely used, in the smelting of various alloy steel, ferroalloy, the use of graphite electrode, then a strong current through the electrode into the furnace melting zone, resulting in electric arc, the electrical energy into heat, the temperature rose to about, So as to achieve the purpose of melting or reaction. In addition, in the electrolytic metal magnesium, aluminum, sodium, the anode of the electrolyzer also uses graphite electrodes. Production of chisel resistance furnace also used graphite electrode for the burner conductive material. The graphite used in the electrical industry is very demanding on grain size and grade. Such as alkaline batteries and some special carbon products, require graphite particle size control within the scope of the target, above the grade, harmful impurities (mainly metal iron) requirements in the following. TV picture tube used in graphite, particle size requirements in the following. For wear and lubricating materials Graphite is often used as a lubricant in the machinery industry. Lubricants are often not used in high-speed, high-temperature, high-pressure conditions, and graphite wear-resistant materials can be in the temperature and at a high sliding speed without lubricating oil work. Many of the equipment that transport corrosive media, widely used graphite materials made of piston rings, seals and bearings, they run, do not need to add lubricants, graphite milk is also a lot of metal processing (wire drawing, pull tube) when the good lubricant.

Corrosion resistant materials

Graphite has good chemical stability. After special processing of graphite, with corrosion resistance, good thermal conductivity, low permeability and other characteristics, and widely used in the production of heat exchangers, reaction tank, condensate, combustion tower, absorption tower, cooler, heater, filter , Pumps and other equipment. These equipment for the petrochemical, hydrometallurgical, acid and alkali production, synthetic fiber, paper and other industrial sectors, can save a lot of metal materials. For the casting of glassware, the use of graphite, the ferrous metal to obtain the castings of the size of accurate, smooth surface, as well as the development of the glass, High rate, without processing or a little processing can be used, thus saving a lot of metal. Production of cemented carbide powder metallurgy process, usually made of graphite material pressure sintering with the boat. Monocrystalline silicon crystal growth crucible, regional refining containers, stents, fixtures, induction heaters, etc., are made of high purity graphite processing. In addition, the graphite can also be used for vacuum smelting graphite insulation board and base, high temperature resistance furnace tube, bar, plate, grid shed and other components.

atomic energy

Graphite has a good neutron deceleration performance, the earliest as a decelerator for atomic reactors, uranium - graphite reactor is currently used more of an atomic reactor. As the power of the atomic energy reactor in the slowdown material should have a high melting point, stable, corrosion-resistant properties, graphite can meet the above requirements. As the atomic reactor with high purity graphite requirements, impurity content should not exceed dozens (in parts per million), in particular, the boron content should be less than.

National defense industry

In the defense industry, graphite is also used to make solid fuel rocket nozzles, missiles nose cone, parts of space equipment, insulation materials and anti-ray materials.

Anti-scaling anti-rust materials

Graphite can prevent the fouling of the boiler, the unit test shows that in the water by adding a certain amount of graphite powder (about per ton of water), to prevent the surface of the boiler fouling. In addition, graphite coated on metal chimneys, roofs, bridges, pipes can be anti-corrosion and rust.

4 new use

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With the continuous development of science and technology, people also developed a lot of new uses of graphite. Flexible graphite products. Flexible graphite, also known as expanded graphite, is the development of a new type of graphite products. US research success of flexible graphite sealing material, to solve the problem of atomic valve leakage, followed by Germany, Japan, France also began to develop production. In addition to this product has the characteristics of natural graphite, but also has a special flexibility and flexibility. Therefore, it is an ideal sealing material. Widely used in petrochemical, atomic and other industrial fields. The international market demand is increasing year by year.

High purity products for high purity metal smelting, electronics industry, nuclear industry and mold manufacturing; general products for aluminum decomposition tank, powder metallurgy sintering furnace, ferroalloy furnace and other submerged arc furnace masonry materials.

5 in China

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Graphite products (including graphite rods, graphite products, graphite blocks, graphite plates, graphite carbon tube, graphite ring) is an important strategic resource use is very extensive. Graphite is an organic origin of carbonaceous material deterioration, the most common in marble, schist or gneiss. Coal can be part of the formation of heat metamorphic graphite, and a small amount of graphite is igneous rock of the original minerals.

Industrial graphite ore is divided into crystalline (scaly) graphite ore and stable crystal (soil) graphite ore two categories. Crystalline graphite ore can be divided into two kinds of scaly and dense. China's graphite ore to the type of flake-based crystal type, followed by aphase type, dense crystalline graphite only found in Xinjiang Tuokuba and other individual deposits, the industrial value is not.

6 advantage

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Graphite products because of its special structure, with high temperature resistance, thermal shock resistance, conductivity, lubricity, chemical stability and plasticity and many other features, has been the military and modern industry and high, new, sharp technology development indispensable The important strategic resources, graphite products, such as graphite ring, graphite boat range of applications, the international experts have predicted that "the 20th century is the century of silicon, the 21st century will be carbon century."

As an important strategic non-metallic mineral products, the graphite industry will be implemented for access management. With the implementation of the access system, graphite, graphite products, will become the rare earth, fluorine chemical, phosphorus chemical after another, the leading companies in the field will enter a new stage of development